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Second Ave. Sagas

News and Views on New York City Transportation

7 Line ExtensionSecond Avenue Subway

A tale of two tunnel boring machines

by Benjamin Kabak July 16, 2010
written by Benjamin Kabak on July 16, 2010

Actually, because the 7 line extension had the pleasure of two tunnel boring machines digging at once, this post should probably be called “A tale of three TBMs,” but the literary reference just isn’t the same. Anyway, I digress.

This evening, I found myself walking south from 46th St. on 10th Ave. heading to meet some friends in the West Village. As I walked past the 41st St. area, I did an informal survey of the area and counted at least five buildings either brand new or under construction as well as countless other developments that were just a handful of years old. These were the buildings housing the residents who would stand to benefit with a station at 10th Ave. and 41st St. Maybe REBNY can deliver for them after all.

Little did I know that, a few hours earlier, New York City officials had gathered underground near that very same spot to celebrate a milestone. The second of the two tunnel boring machines working its way from 11th Ave. and 34th St. to 41st St. west of 8th Ave. had broken through the tunnel wall. With the other TBM reaching its destination in mid-June, the boring for the 7 line extension is complete, and now the finishing work can begin.

Shortly after 4 p.m. this afternoon, the TBM reached its destination, and Mayor Michael Bloomberg, MC-ing the ceremony because the city’s billions are funding the project, toasted the progress. “It will bring us one step closer to the moment about three years from now when the number 7 train will stop at Times Square and then continue on to the new 34th Street station on the Far West Side,” he said. “And that moment will be the culmination of all of our efforts to realize the full potential of the Far West Side and revitalize an area of the city with new business and new residents and parks and open spaces.” Despite these lofty goals, the second station for this $2.1 billion expansion remains in limbo.

For the MTA, yesterday’s ceremony marked the end of a 13-month period of digging, and the MTA is ahead of the schedule. The boring, which was supposed to last 2-3 years, took six months due to cooperation between the MTA and Port Authority. With only the stations to construct and the ventilation infrastructure to build, the MTA and City are racing the clock. Will the 7 extension be open before Mayor Bloomberg’s third term is up?

A shot of Second Ave. at 90th St. where a drill probe punctured the street. Photo courtesy of The Launch Box.

Meanwhile, across town, the boring underneath Second Avenue has faced its own set of challenges. Progress, as we know, has not be swift, and a little over a week ago, crews ran into a bump in the road with a drill probe popped through the streets of Second Ave. Ben Heckscher over at The Launch Box wrote an extensive post on the incident. Here’s his retelling of the vital bits:

A drill that was connected to the Second Avenue subway TBM went off course at about 3 a.m. [on July 8] and broke through the surface of 2nd Avenue at East 90th Street.

No injuries were reported and luckily the drill did not pierce the 30-inch gas main, the 36-inch water main or any of Con Edison’s cables below the surface of Second Avenue in this area. If the drill had pierced a gas main, the consequences clearly could have been tremendous.

During the TBM mining operation, which is taking place about 60 feet below street level, the sandhogs perform a process known as “probing” using a rock drill to determine ground conditions and water inflows ahead of the TBM. Apparently one of the probes that they drilled went in an unintended direction and ended up bursting out into the open air at East 90th Street.

I spoke to Kevin Oritz at the MTA shortly after the incident, and Ortiz told me that the authority had asked the contractos to cease probe drilling while the authority investigates the accident. “We don’t anticipate this to have an impact on completing of the first run of the TBM before the end of the year,” he told me.

Still, there are real and legitimate concerns at play. South of the Launch Box and north of the 86th St. station, the MTA has not relocated utilities, and city records do not paint an accurate portrait of the goings-on underground. As Heckscher pointed out, had the drill probe ruptured the gas line, the subsequent explosion would have been catastrophic. The Upper East Side is lucky indeed that the probe drill missed these vital arteries.

And so slowly onward churn the TBMs underneath Second Ave. As the 7 line extension moves ahead on schedule, the SAS project lumbers forward with an unknown timeframe and drilling incidents that stymie progress.

July 16, 2010 14 comments
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View from Underground

The Rebel Alliance takes to the 6

by Benjamin Kabak July 15, 2010
written by Benjamin Kabak on July 15, 2010

Improv Everywhere, the comedy troupe known for their flash mob-like stunts, has taken to the subways numerous times. Their annual No Pants Subway Ride has become the pants-less event of the winter, and they’ve also hosted art gallery openings in a subway station and froze Grand Central.

Over the winter, they staged the first meeting between Princess Leia and Darth Vader on a 6 train. The video, released this week and embedded above, shows how straphangers reacted with glee to the prank, and those heading uptown snapped photos of the Dark Lord. The guy sitting next to Leia in the train car is clearly lovin’ it.

For some behind-the-scenes photos and an explanation of the mission, check out Improv Everywhere’s website.

July 15, 2010 15 comments
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Second Avenue Subway

Inside the subway station of the future

by Benjamin Kabak July 15, 2010
written by Benjamin Kabak on July 15, 2010

As the MTA’s operations budget sloughs through one of its worst crisis of in New York history, the capital budget is, if not alive and well, still ticking. With a large federal contribution behind it, the Second Ave. Subway work is chugging along, and despite a drill mishap last week that I’ll cover later today, work will be completed by some time in the future.

Even if Phase 1 of the Second Ave. Subway isn’t ready for revenue service until 2018, as the Feds fear, it’s never too early to pimp the features that will be found on the new line’s three new stations. In a piece last week that got buried during the July 4th weekend, that’s exactly what the New York Post did. Reporter Joseph Goldstein spoke with the MTA about the myriad upgrades to the riding experience the Second Ave. Subway will provide, and it sounds as though the MTA is trying to show off what they could do to the city’s 106-year-old transit system with the right amount of money.

Some of the features discussed in the article have been a long time coming. For instance, the MTA unveiled plans to enclose the stations in plexiglass back in 2007. This innovation — found in modern systems and airport tram systems throughout the globe — allows for better temperature control of the stations, prevents people from falling into the tracks and ensures that track-fire-causing garbage stays out of where it isn’t supposed to be.

Some of the other innovations aren’t really innovations at all. Goldstein tells us that a sound engineering company is working to build a better public address system, and train arrival boards will be de rigueur at all of the new stations. It’s hard to get that excited about something New York should have had 15 years ago. The authority will also turn away from its sometimes drab tiling scheme to duplicate South Ferry’s bright whiteness. The walls, says The Post, will be “draped with large, white tiles that can be unhooked for cleaning and replacement.” The MTA will also be installing the wiring need for underground cell and Internet service.

The most interesting parts of Goldstein’s article concern the MTA’s sound efforts. In addition to the new PA system, “sound-absorbing fiberglass along the ceiling will reduce reverberations” while “rubber blocks wedged under train tracks will dampen the rumbling.” With the threat of music being piped in, commutes could become downright melodious.

Of course, the most cynical of New Yorkers will just imagine that these things will break and grow grimy. Plexiglass walls will be stained with fingerprints, soda, coffee and who knows what else before the first week of operations is up. The white tiling, while easy to clean, will turn grey with New York City dirt. The PA system will break just as those on the R160s have. Such are the way of things underground. We can’t expect the subway of tomorrow as we still wait for the subway of yesterday throughout the system.

Still, the MTA plows ahead. They haven’t yet, though, found a flooring that repels blacked gum, but that too might come at Second Ave. “We’re looking at surfaces that will be easier to clean the gum off of,” MTA Capital Construction head Michael Horodniceanu said. “They haven’t invented a surface yet that it won’t stick to.”

July 15, 2010 31 comments
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Subway Maps

The understated improvement to the subway map

by Benjamin Kabak July 14, 2010
written by Benjamin Kabak on July 14, 2010

When the MTA unveiled its redesigned subway map last month, I spent a lot of time focusing on the inside. In light of the new design of the schematic presentation of the subway system, I explored what purpose a subway map should serve and wondered if The Map was the best representation of subway service.

Lost in the hullabaloo over the inside was the new look for the outside. Check it out:

To me, the outside cover of The Map is the best part of the redesign. Gone is some skewed view of New York City with an arrow that’s far too big and intrusive. Gone are the connotations that somehow, the subway extends beyond the borders of the City of New York.

Instead, the MTA has chosen an artistic approach while highlighting the fact that you have a subway map in your hands. The route bullets are all on the front for the first time since early 1995, and the colorful lines are evocative of subway strip maps. A larger version of the image could be hanging on the wall at MoMA, and that is the sign of a design that deserves to be seen.

July 14, 2010 29 comments
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AsidesFare HikesMetroCard

A lower pay-per-ride discount among fare hike proposals

by Benjamin Kabak July 14, 2010
written by Benjamin Kabak on July 14, 2010

As the date of the MTA’s board-oriented board meeting draws closer, details of the 2011 fare hike proposal are beginning to emerge. Yesterday, we heard how unlimited cards will become limited, and today, we know more about the authority’s plans for single-ride and pay-per-ride users. According to The Daily News, the MTA is going to raise the fares for the single-ride paper tickets from $2.25 to $2.50 and will drop the pay-per-ride discount from 15 percent to 10 percent.

According to Pete Donohue, this plan is apparently designed to have a smaller impact than the unlimited-ride increases. Only 2.1 percent of subway riders use the one-way paper tickets, and the base fare would remain $2.25 for pay-per-ride card users and those paying for bus rides in coins. The 10 percent fare discount will impact the 36 percent of riders who use the pay-per-ride cards, and instead of getting 10.35 rides for the price of nine, these riders will now get 11 rides for the price of 10. The average cost per swipe will increase by approximately four percent from $1.96 to $2.05.

For the MTA, their overall goal is a 7.5 percent fare hike, and unlimited card users are going to be hit the worst. In reality, the average fare across all payment systems remains lower than it did in 1996, and the authority is trying to at least keep pace with inflation. Come January, we’ll all be paying more for our subway rides with less service than we had three weeks ago.

July 14, 2010 17 comments
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MTA Economics

Paying tomorrow for a hamburger today

by Benjamin Kabak July 14, 2010
written by Benjamin Kabak on July 14, 2010

When it comes to problems plaguing the MTA, billions of dollars of debt isn’t exactly a sexy topic. On the surface, it doesn’t impact people’s lives as service cuts do, and it has little to do with the public mistrust of MTA management. Yet, whether riders realize it or not, the price we pay today in fare hikes and service cuts all comes back to debt.

Recently, as part of Albany’s inspired public authorities oversight law — one of the few pieces of worthwhile legislation to emerge from the state legislature in a while — the state’s new Authorities Budget Office released a report on New York’s public authorities. The report (available here as a PDF) doesn’t make too many sweeping statements or offer up any broad conclusions. Some authorities are more accountable than others, and some are more transparent than others. Not too surprisingly to anyone who has been following along, the MTA appears to fall on the “more” side of that divide.

What the report does offer is a glimpse of the crushing debt that New York State authorities have taken on. Since these authorities are outside the realm of any constitutionally-mandated debt limits, these entities can just accrue loans as long as they have the collateral to do so. For the MTA, that collateral has come in the form of fare revenue and valuation on other physical holdings. As long as people keep riding, the MTA can continue to take out loans.

For 2009, then, the totals are stunning. New York State authorities reported $133 billion in outstanding debt last year, and $28.8 billion of that — or 21.59 percent of the total — belongs to the MTA. Only the Dormitory Authority of the State of New York has more outstanding debt.

Meanwhile, the future picture looks worse. Recently, the state granted the MTA the ability to borrow more money, and the authority will have to do so to continue its ambitious capital project. Bond issues for multi-billion-dollar projects are underway, and the debt level will just continue to climb.

As the MTA accrues debt, outstanding obligations are coming due. In 2009, the MTA had to pay out $1.9 billion in debt service. That total was the third highest expense category in the MTA’s budget, outpaced only by payroll and non-labor spending. That total is set to rise over the next few years unless the MTA again restructures its debt.

So why does all of this matter? Debt service, debt obligations, they’re all just boring economics terms, right? Wrong. The MTA’s debt matters because we’re paying today for things built years ago, and we’re paying through reduced service, higher fares that will continue to increase and strained labor relations. Since the debt on capital expenditures is carried over to the operations budgets, the debt bills are coming due, and that’s bad news for everyone.

A few months ago, the MTA had a deficit of $800 million that needed closing. That total is less than half of the MTA’s debt service obligations for the year, and without that debt, the authority wouldn’t be facing extreme service cuts and a significant fare hike across the board. Twenty years ago, when the state had to find a way to maintain its transit system, the powers-that-be decided that fare-backed bonds were the way to go, and now, we in 2010 are paying for something built in the early 1990s. Had Albany properly funded the capital plan then, as it used to in the 1980s, we wouldn’t be suffering through service cuts and budget crises today.

Despite this from the ABO, there is no end in sight. The authority is still planning on funding its capital projects through debt-generating sources, and the state hasn’t expressed any willingness to help the debt-ridden authorities pare back their spending ways. In 15 years from now, we’ll still be paying for Phase 1 of the Second Ave. Subway, and that is no way to run a transit authority.

July 14, 2010 5 comments
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MTA Absurdity

14th St. Sign Sagas

by Benjamin Kabak July 13, 2010
written by Benjamin Kabak on July 13, 2010

The above image comes via Curbed and Gothamist. It is a composite photo of two signs that were, as of yesterday, hanging up at the 14th St. subway station at 6th Ave. Apparently, replacing a bunch of stickers has become a challenge.

This station, as avid readers will know, has been in the news for the better part of a month now. In mid-June, as New York City Transit prepped for service changes, the agency accidentally displayed an Internet meme on the new FML signs. A day later, the less vulgar LFM took its turn atop the signs, but not all of them have been properly stickered.

Gothamist’s Katie Sokoler found the poorly labeled signs yesterday. She discussed them for the news site: “One is a sign on the L platform that leads you to the L, M, M train. And the other is on the stairs and directs you to the L, F, L train. Which makes it more confusing is that those are the stairs that lead you to the 1,2,3 train. So not only is the sign wrong because it says L,F,L but it’s wrong because it should actually be 1,2,3. There were tons of people that were confused and kept walking up and down the stairs trying to figure out which train is where.”

For now, I’m just being LOL at the MTA while SMH. One day, these signs will be right. One day, the trains might even run on time.

July 13, 2010 11 comments
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Fare HikesMetroCard

Making the unlimited MetroCards limited

by Benjamin Kabak July 13, 2010
written by Benjamin Kabak on July 13, 2010

When details of a fare hike emerged on Friday, straphangers long used to unlimited ride MetroCards gasped. In addition to raising the costs of cards across the board, the MTA, said the reports, planned to cap the number of rides available on the so-called unlimited ride cards.

Today, the Daily News has the details: A 30-day unlimited ride card would allow the user take 90 trips, and the authority may cap the 7-days at 21 rides. Under the current rates of $89 and $27 respectively, this move would cap the minimum cost of a ride at $0.99 for the monthly and $1.26 for the weekly. If the rates go up as expected, the lowest possible cost per ride would be approximately $1.11 for the 30-day cards and $1.33 for the weeklies.

According to the News, the MTA alleges that the vast majority of riders do not average three swipes per day for their unlimited ride cards. Thus, this cap would impact those people who are abnormally heavy subway users and those subway scammers who try to sell unlimited ride swipes at the turnstile for $2.25 to unsuspecting customers. Despite these intentions, riders are wary of the proposal, and advocate groups believe the MTA’s approach is misguided. “The MTA’s financial problems are real, but I’m very concerned they’re going to sock it to the riding public to the exclusion of other groups [that] benefit from transit, like drivers and businesses,” Gene Russianoff of the Straphangers Campaign said.

For what it’s worth, during my personal experiments, I’ve found my monthly usage to be less than the MTA’s rumored caps. In my November 2007 MetroCard challenge, I rode 74 times while working a regular job, and in my November 2008 challenge, I rode 73 times while commuting as a student. In October 2009, while commuting as a student and working a part time job, I swiped in 88 times. Reporters and messengers, among others, will far exceed the 90-swipe limit.

The fare hike, which the MTA will debate over the next few months, is set to go into effect on January 1, 2011. Among the other parts of the proposals is a planned $1 surcharge for all MetroCards, and the MTA will, in all likelihood, make unlimited cards refillable at the same time. Soon enough, those unlimited cards won’t be so unlimited after all.

July 13, 2010 59 comments
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TWU

Unnecessarily unto the public hearing breach

by Benjamin Kabak July 13, 2010
written by Benjamin Kabak on July 13, 2010

Later this evening, MTA Board members and angry union members will square off in a pair of public hearings. Despite voting to cut the station agents in early 2010 and holding hearings on a nearly identical proposal a year ago, the MTA had to host these public open houses to placate a Manhattan Supreme Court judge who found that the MTA’s dismissals this year for plans approved last year violated the law. What the hearings tonight will accomplish is very little.

We’ve been down this path before with public hearings, and every time the MTA opens itself up to hearing from its constituents, politicians and interest groups grab the microphones. Instead of allowing people to speak in the order in which they’ve signed up, our elected officials often jump to the front of the line to get in their shots and go home. That’s what happened in March when the authority heard from the public on the planned slate of service cuts.

This week’s hearings should be even worse. The TWU organizers have engaged in a blitz via Twitter, Facebook, phone-banking and old fashioned union round-ups to, as one release put it, “pack these hearings and deliver a strong message” to the MTA Board members. At locations in Manhattan and Queens, Brooklyn and the Bronx, MTA employees will come out in force to yell at those who sign their checks.

In all likelihood, tempers will flare as they did in March. When job cuts are on the line, labor leaders tend to be ruthless, and anyone who dares speak out in favor of the plan to shutter token booths and fire station agents will be, at the very least, mocked and probably threatened by the union supporters in the crowd. With jobs on the line, after all, the TWU members are very motivated to attend these hearings and make themselves known.

On the one hand, I can’t hold the TWU’s actions against them. As a labor union, those in charge have to protect their jobs, and right now, the TWU is fighting against an MTA Board that has already made up its mind in a day and age very hostile to labor interests. Many New Yorkers have come to see station agents as superfluous, and while these workers put themselves in harm’s way on a daily basis, the media coverage often focuses around those who don’t do their jobs well rather than those who do.

But on the other hand, I still have to wonder about the union’s lackluster support for the MTA in Albany and at home. Instead of talking about the way pension obligations represent nine percent of the MTA’s annual expenditures, former union members focus on debt service which accounts for 16 percent of the MTA’s spending pie. Do two spending wrongs make an economic right?

The TWU has never embraced congestion pricing, claiming to me once via Twitter that it was “too complicated” to get into the debate through that media and voicing concerns about the impact a charge would have on the middle class. This argument completely ignores the fact that middle class New Yorkers don’t spend their days driving to and from Manhattan’s Central Business District and would, in fact, benefit more from a more fully funded subway system. Such are the way of unions today.

So tonight we get a political governmental farce. On the stage will be MTA Board members who are there because a judge told them to be. They’ll hear the crowd; they’ll vote to close the booths and fire the station agents. At the microphone, we’ll see an increasingly belligerent audience using the time to bash the MTA for all of its many short-comings. No matter who wins, those paying the fare and riding the subways will lose.

July 13, 2010 16 comments
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View from Underground

Building a better weekend service mouse trap

by Benjamin Kabak July 12, 2010
written by Benjamin Kabak on July 12, 2010

When it comes to weekend service changes, the MTA has been laying it on hot and heavy for the past few years. The work is all part of a significant capital investment that keeps trains moving smoothly and frequently during peak hours, and the authority has opted to accomplish most of the work during the weekend when it is less disruptive to those who need the subway system. What they often don’t do is thoroughly inform the public of the changes.

Posters proclaiming the various weekend service changes have long vexed the MTA. Once upon a time, the posters were a stark of black, white and red with some information tossed all over the place. In mid-2007, the authority redesigned the signs to better present the information.

The results were something of a mixed bag. With no visual component outlining the service changes in map form, riders were left with signs, such as the one at right, with too many words and confusing information. What does it mean for one train to “run on the F” from one stop to another? Veteran straphangers might understand MTA shorthand for a reroute, but casual subway riders won’t be able to picture the diversion or know where the train goes.

The current signs also contain too much useless information. when the MTA rhetorically asks “Why is my service being changed?” the answer is usually always the same: “We are performing XXX work to make sure that subways continue to operate safely along the X line.” That the MTA is ensuring that subways continue to operate safely adds nothing to the informational value of the posters nor does it help riders know what to do.

A few months ago, I came across a posting on the blog featuring work of students who are in the MFA program at the School of Visual Arts. Those working Interaction Design had tackled the subways, and one designer — Russ Maschmeyer — came up with the sign atop this post as a better way to present weekend service information. He writes about his design:

For any transit system experiencing redirects, there are four key messages that need to be conveyed: alert the riders to a change, provide a quick overview of that change, course correct any wayward travelers, and finally, guide riders through the hallways to the proper platforms. If done right, no one should have to stop to study a sign, but study them we do. Currently, the MTA employs a single, densely packed sheet of 8.5×11” paper to convey an entire set of messaging. This is a problem worth solving.

I approached this problem with the aim to stretch out that messaging over the rider’s entire subway experience, from entering the station, to the turnstiles, to the platform and then onto the train itself. I devised a simple hack to the current station entrance and turnstile signage involving LEDs surrounding the train symbols, as well as the LED route boards on the new R160 trains, which would alert riders to service changes and cancellations. Once inside the station or on the platform during a transfer, riders would find redesigned fliers, which would include iconography, a strong information hierarchy, and a map of the service change. This is of course just a beginning, but hopefully these small changes would go a long way to making these changes a bit more digestible.

I’ve written recently about the MTA’s customer service woes, and these signs along with Maschmeyer’s resdesign show the MTA could better inform its customers. The agency should, at the least, make a map with the service changes available on its website as Subway Weekender does, and the in-house design team should consider a more visual approach to the service changes. Little upgrades such as these would make the subway system more user-friendly, and maybe New Yorkers wouldn’t be so begrudging of their subway system.

Photo above via SVA Interaction Design on flickr.

July 12, 2010 18 comments
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